Means for removing deposits from electrodes



A. F. MESTON.

MEANS FOR REMOVING DEPOSITS FROM ELECTRODES.

APPLICATION FILED ocT.23. 1917.

1,339,471. P ented May 11, 1920.

. 7 71/ 2 HTS-SHEET l- 6 Moan 34 A- F. MESTON. MEAN FOR REMOVINGDEPOSITS FROM ELECTRODES.

AVPPLWON Patented May 11,1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED srAtpiis PATENT ornron;

ARCHIBALD F. MESTON, NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T0 RESEARCH CORPORATION,OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

MEANS FORjREMOVING DEPOSITS FROM ELECTRODES.

I Specification of Letters Patent. Patented BIay 11, 1920,

Application filed October 23, 1917. Serial No. 198,157.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARC-HIBALI) F. Mes- ToN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of NewYork, have invented cer-;

tain new and useful Improvements in Means for Removing Deposits fromElec' trodes, of which the following is a specification. I

The present invention relates to appa ratus for separating dust, soot orother solid or liquid particles from gases by electricalaction. It is acommon experience that in apparatus of this kind, although most of theparticles drop to the bottom of the percipitator and are then removedfrom the apparatus or settle on thecollecting electrodes and are thenjarred therefrom by hammers or knockers, some of the particles adhere tothe discharge electrode or electrodes and gradually form a'deposit inspite of the action of the electric charge tending to force themaway.Such deposit is detrimental to theoperatiou of the apparatus.

. It is the object of the present invention to provide means for jarringofi' dust, soot or other particles from discharge electrodes of anelectric precipitator. It is the particular object to provide a systemof hammers or knockers which does not interfere with the operation ofthe precipitator, does not affect the insulation of the-dischargeelectrodesfrom the collectingelectrodes or the ground and is simple inconstruction and operation. I carry out the above objects by housing theknocker-system in the precipitating chamber closely I associated withthe discharge electrodes and insulating it. incommon with the dischargeelectrodes from the remaining structure.

For a fuller understanding of the invention reference is had to theaccompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a vertical section through aprecipitator embodying the invention;'

horizontal section through the device'shown in Fig. 1; a '-Fig. 3 adiagrammatic representation of electrical connections for operating theknocker system,-and

Figs electrode system to which the invention is ap lied.

11 Figs.

' terminals 24 and terminal and the switch terminal 24.

. 4 and 5 Show a modified form or- 1 and 2, which represent merely inconventional form a preeipitator, 1 i the terial, although this is notessential. This platform, which holds the discharge electrodes taut, isconnected by strain insulators 7 to the walls of the chamber and heldthere by'in'fixed position. y

T he knocker system comprises a plurality of knockers or hammers 8, onefor each discharge electrode. Each h'ammer has two heads 9 and 10adapted to strike the elec trodes from opposite sides. While thesehammers may be supported in various ways, I prefer to mount them inpairs on carried by cross bars 11. This supporting frame is mounted for.oscillating motion on uprights 12 through levers 13 and 13' pivotedthereto. On the platform 6 is mounted a solenoid device inclosed in acasing 14. This solenoid device is composed of two coils 15 and 16 and acommon core 17 shown detached in Fig. 3 for the purpose of clearness.The core is attached by links 18 and 19 to rods 20 and 21 respectively,which rods are in turn pivotally connected to levers 13 and 13 at thelower end thereof.

As shown on an enlarged scale in Fig. 3, the core 17 has a projection 22extending outwardly between the coils. Opposite the projection ispi-votally-mounted a U-shaped contact switch 23; The coils 15 and 16have 25 spaced from each other a distance slightly greater than thedistance between the legs of the switch so that the legs mayalternately. contact with one of the terminals. The switch is pivoted ona conductor bar 26 and-a spring 27 may be' and the switch interposedbetweenthe bar to insure a good contact between one Ccoll urrentconnections are made to the bar 26 and the outer ends of the coils 15and 16, as indicated schematically in Fig; 3. The solenoids are sodesigned that, when current passes through the coil 15, thecore isforced toward coil 16. The projection on the core thereby strikesleg-24' of the switch -a f rce it against c ntact .25- Thev curbars '10rent will now pass through coil 16 aml thecore will be forced towardcoil 15. This opcration will continue, like in the ordinary make andbreakdevice, so long ascurrent is supplied. The motion of the core istransmitted. as before stated. to the swinging knocker frame and theknockers or hammers are caused to strike the electrodes alternalely fromone side and then from the other. The impact of the hammers on theelectrodes causes vibration of the electrode 'or high voltage winding ofa transformer.

.\ double throw-switch comprising the common terminals (1, 7). theterminals 0, d ofthe low voltage circuit and the terminals 6, f on thehigh voltage circuit. From the terminal (n a connection is made throughthe conducting frame 4: to the electrode 3 and.

from the terminal I; to the electrode 3". The electrode 3 is connectedto the conductor bar 26 and the electrode 3" makes connection to theouter ends of the coils 15 and 16 through a wire 26. The electrode 3" isinsulated from the conductor bar 4 in any suitable manner. an insulatingbushing 33 being shown in. Fig. l merely as a suggest1on.

\Vhen the switch is thrown into contact with the terminals 1*. 1].current will pass from the low voltage source through electrode 3 to thebar 26. then through contact 24; into coil 15 and from coil 1:") throughwire 26 to electrode 3" and back to the source, or vice versa.

\Vhen the switch A isthrown to the left into contact with the highvoltage terminals 0. f, which are short circuited by wire 9, one pole ofthe high voltage winding 32 is connected through wire it with bothelectrodes 3' and 3", the other pole of the trans-- former winding 32being connected to ground G, as usual, to complete the circuit throughground G and the collecting electrodes 2 via the chamber structure 1.Since all the electrodes. except 3" are positively interconnectedthrough the bars 4 of the supporting structure, and electrode 3" ischarged through the wire y, the discharge electrodesystem is uniformlycharged. Electrical connection is. of course, also made betweenelectrodes 3' and 3" through the solenoid device, but I prefer to shortcircuit them through wire 9 in addition to that.

It is thus seen that the knocker system is introduced into the highvoltage system without in the least impairing the insulation of it. Theconductors m and u may be carried in a single cable (not shown) as theymust be insulated from each other only for the voltage of the primarysource.

Figs. fir and 5 show the invention embodied in a slightly different way.The discharge electrodes are in the form of wires 40 surroundedby pipes40' to make them rigid and durable. The corner electrodes 40" are madeof larger diameter and greater rigidity for the purpose of supportingthe knocker system. which is in all respects similar to that shown inFigs. 1 and 2. The cross bars 42 are pivotally supported on arms 43which are pivoted to the electrodes 40. Bars -t-l interconnect the crossbars 42 and carry'the knockers Since the corner electrodes are of largerdiameter than the other electrodes. the heads of the knockerscooperating with them' are spaced farther apart than the heads of theother knockers so that all heads may simultaneously strike theirelectrodes. The corner electrodes are shown out of alinemcnt with theother electrodes. although this feature is not material. The knockers 45are therefore bent to bring the heads into proper p0 sition.

The electromagnetic device and the connections for operating it areidentical with the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and thereforeomitted.

The foregoing is intended merely as an illustration of the principle onwhich the invention is based and of one way in which .it may be carriedout. The details of the knocker system may be varied within wide limits.the operating mechanism may be replaced by different types ofelectro-magnetie devices and the connections altered correspondingly.The invention is applicable to all forms of electrodes.

In order to operate the jarring device to clean the discharge electrodesit is only necessary tothrow over the. switch A from the high to the lowvoltage side of the transformer and after a few seconds throw it back.This may be done as often as desired without materially interrupting theopera tion of the precipitator.

\Vhile l have shown the knocker or ham-. mer system mounted at the lowerend of the electrodes, it is obvious that it may be supported by theelectrode system at the upper end thereof as for instance from. theframe 4 by suitably increasing the distance between the frame 4 and theupper end of the collecting electrodes 2. The invention may be appliedto asingle discharge electrode by merely making the electrode of twoconductors insulated from each other for the voltage of the primarycircuit. A convenient arrangement for this purpose would be thatdescription the current -.In the preceding the hammer system has usedfor operating been derived from the low voltage side of a rent system ahigh tension D. C.

transformer, the high voltage side of which" is normally connected tothe discharge electrode system, the usual rectifier being omitted forthe sake of simplicity. It is understood that in place of an alternatingcursystem may be used in which case the current for operating the hammersystem may be derived from any suitable low tensionsource.

I claim:-

1. In an electric 'precipitator comprising a a collecting electrode anda-discharge'electrode, means for striking the discharge electrodeintermediate its ends to cause vibration thereof.

2. In anelectric precipitator comprising collecting electrodes anddischarge electrodes, means for striking the discharge elec- 3o trodesintermediate their ends to cause vibration thereof.

3. Inanelectric preci itatoi comprising a'collecting electrode,

an'electric connection to saiddischarge elec- 35,,

a ischarge' electrode,

trode, means constructed and arranged to jar thedischarge electrode andmeans for operating said jarring means through the a'genc of saidelectric connection. 4. n

a device for jarring operating said agencly of the an electricprecipitator comprising a. collecting electrode, ha. dischargeelectrode,

. i e electrically connected with the. dischar -electrode andelectrically separated from t e collecting electrode-and electricalmeans for collecting electrodes operating the jarring device.

- 5. In an electric precipitator comprising collecting electrodes anddischarge electrodes, means constructed and arrangedito jar thedischarge electrodes and means for jarring means through the dischargeelectrodes. an electric precipitator comprising collecting electrodesand discharge 'electrodes, hammers supported in 'position to strike thedischarge felectrodes'and meanshammers through the:

foroperating -the of the discharge electrodes agencf ,7. n an electricprecipitator comprising 'collecting electrodes and dischar e electrodes,hammers for striking f the discharge e electrodes, a system of hammersmovably to strike discharge electrode strike the discharge -netic meansso ported 'moving thesai system,means for connectelectrodes to'theelectromagfor selectively insulating electrodes, ried by the "dischargeelectrodes and means for operating the hammers through the agemiy of thedischarge electrodes. p

8. 11 an electric precipitator comprising collecting trodes, a frameconnected with the discharge electrodes, a system of hammers movablymounted on the said frame and adapted to strike the dischargeelectrodes, andmeans for moving the said system through the agency of"the discharge electrodes.

a support for the hanimers carelectrodes and discharge elec- 9. In anelectric precipitator comprising mounted on the said frame and adaptedto strike the discharge electrodes, electro-magnetic means mounted onsaid frame for moving the said. sy' tem and means for operating the said'electro-magnetic means through the agency of the electrodes. 11. In anelectric precipitator comprising collecting electrodes and dischargeelectrodes, aframe connected with the dischar mounted. on the said frameand adapted the discharge electrodes, electro-magnetic means supportedby said frame for moving the said system and means whereby,

at the will of the operator, the discharge electrodes may charged or theelectromagnetic means may be operated to move the said system.

12. In an electric precipitator comprising and discharge electrodes, aframe connected with the discharge electrodes, a system of hammers movaby mounted on the said frameand adapted to by said ing two of the neticmeans, means the said two discharge electrodes relatively to each otherand means for connecting the said two electrodes to a current supplywhen electrodes, electro-magframe for testimony whereof I aflix mysignature. i

the? are relatively insulated.

ARQ IBALD EJMESTON,

